Other types of surface wave are the trapped surface wave, the gliding wave and Dyakonov surface waves (DSW) propagating at the interface of transparent materials with different symmetry. The earth has one refractive index and the atmosphere has another, thus constituting an interface that supports the guided Zenneck wave's transmission. This radiative ground wave is known as Norton surface wave, or more properly Norton ground wave, because ground waves in radio propagation are not confined to the surface.Īnother type of surface wave is the non-radiative, bound-mode Zenneck surface wave or Zenneck–Sommerfeld surface wave. Ground waves are radio waves propagating parallel to and adjacent to the surface of the Earth, following the curvature of the Earth. Jozef Zwislocki, and later David Kemp, showed that that is unrealistic and that active feedback is necessary. His theory purported to explain every feature of the auditory sensation owing to these passive mechanical phenomena. In theory of hearing physiology, the traveling wave (TW) of Von Bekesy, resulted from an acoustic surface wave of the basilar membrane into the cochlear duct. Another example is internal waves, which can be transmitted along the interface of two water masses of different densities. Surface waves are caused when P waves and S waves come to the surface.Įxamples are the waves at the surface of water and air ( ocean surface waves). Surface waves can travel around the globe many times from the largest earthquakes. Surface waves span a wide frequency range, and the period of waves that are most damaging is usually 10 seconds or longer. Seismic waves are studied by seismologists and measured by a seismograph or seismometer. Love waves have transverse motion (movement is perpendicular to the direction of travel, like light waves), whereas Rayleigh waves have both longitudinal (movement parallel to the direction of travel, like sound waves) and transverse motion. A seismic wave is a wave that travels through the Earth, often as the result of an earthquake or explosion. Surface waves, in this mechanical sense, are commonly known as either Love waves (L waves) or Rayleigh waves. In seismology, several types of surface waves are encountered.
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